I’m probably flogging a fossilized skeleton of a long-dead horse, but it seems I never wrote about this topic before, so here it is (and you might want to read this book for more details).
Process switching is the oldest, simplest and slowest packet forwarding mechanism. Packets received on an interface trigger an interrupt, the interrupt handler identifies the layer-3 protocol based on layer-2 packet headers (example: Ethertype in Ethernet packets) and queues the packets to (user mode) packet forwarding processes (IP Input and IPv6 Input processes in Cisco IOS).
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